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The VoIp Solution Workbook is a comprehensive guide to terms and definitions that
are commonly used in reference to understanding VoIP Solutions.
are commonly used in reference to understanding VoIP Solutions.
| Ethernet |
Ethernet is a large, diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies
that operate at many speeds for local area networks (LANs). The name comes from
the physical concept of the ether. It defines a number of wiring and signaling
standards for the physical layer, through means of network access at the Media
Access Control (MAC)/Data Link Layer, and a common addressing format.
Ethernet has been standardized as IEEE 802.3. The combination of the twisted
pair versions of Ethernet for connecting end systems to the network, along with
the fiber optic versions for site backbones, has become the most widespread
wired LAN technology. It has been in use from the 1990s to the present, largely
replacing competing LAN standards such as coaxial cable Ethernet, token ring,
FDDI, and ARCNET. In recent years, Wi-Fi, the wireless LAN standardized by IEEE
802.11, has been used instead of Ethernet for many home and small office
networks and in addition to Ethernet in larger installations.
Ethernet was originally based on the idea of computers communicating over a
shared coaxial cable acting as a broadcast transmission medium. The methods used
show some similarities to radio systems, although there are major differences,
such as the fact that it is much easier to detect collisions in a cable
broadcast system than a radio broadcast. The common cable providing the
communication channel was likened to the ether and it was from this reference
that the name "Ethernet" was derived.
From this early and comparatively simple concept, Ethernet evolved into the
complex networking technology that today powers the vast majority of local
computer networks. The coaxial cable was later replaced with point-to-point
links connected together by hubs and/or switches in order to reduce installation
costs, increase reliability, and enable point-to-point management and
troubleshooting. StarLAN was the first step in the evolution of Ethernet from a
coaxial cable bus to a hub-managed, twisted-pair network. The advent of
twisted-pair wiring enabled Ethernet to become a commercial success.
Above the physical layer, Ethernet stations communicate by sending each other
data packets, small blocks of data that are individually sent and delivered. As
with other IEEE 802 LANs, each Ethernet station is given a single 48-bit MAC
address, which is used both to specify the destination and the source of each
data packet. Network interface cards (NICs) or chips normally do not accept
packets addressed to other Ethernet stations. Adapters generally come programmed
with a globally unique address, but this can be overridden, either to avoid an
address change when an adapter is replaced, or to use locally administered
addresses.
Despite the very significant changes in Ethernet from a thick coaxial cable bus
running at 10 Mbit/s to point-to-point links running at 1 Gbit/s and beyond, all
generations of Ethernet (excluding very early experimental versions) share the
same frame formats (and hence the same interface for higher layers), and can be
readily (and in most cases, cheaply) interconnected.
Due to the ubiquity of Ethernet, the ever-decreasing cost of the hardware needed
to support it, and the reduced panel space needed by twisted pair Ethernet, most
manufacturers now build the functionality of an Ethernet card directly into PC
motherboards, obviating the need for installation of a separate network card.
Attributes and Credits
The information and facts supplied on this subject
derive from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
that operate at many speeds for local area networks (LANs). The name comes from
the physical concept of the ether. It defines a number of wiring and signaling
standards for the physical layer, through means of network access at the Media
Access Control (MAC)/Data Link Layer, and a common addressing format.
Ethernet has been standardized as IEEE 802.3. The combination of the twisted
pair versions of Ethernet for connecting end systems to the network, along with
the fiber optic versions for site backbones, has become the most widespread
wired LAN technology. It has been in use from the 1990s to the present, largely
replacing competing LAN standards such as coaxial cable Ethernet, token ring,
FDDI, and ARCNET. In recent years, Wi-Fi, the wireless LAN standardized by IEEE
802.11, has been used instead of Ethernet for many home and small office
networks and in addition to Ethernet in larger installations.
Ethernet was originally based on the idea of computers communicating over a
shared coaxial cable acting as a broadcast transmission medium. The methods used
show some similarities to radio systems, although there are major differences,
such as the fact that it is much easier to detect collisions in a cable
broadcast system than a radio broadcast. The common cable providing the
communication channel was likened to the ether and it was from this reference
that the name "Ethernet" was derived.
From this early and comparatively simple concept, Ethernet evolved into the
complex networking technology that today powers the vast majority of local
computer networks. The coaxial cable was later replaced with point-to-point
links connected together by hubs and/or switches in order to reduce installation
costs, increase reliability, and enable point-to-point management and
troubleshooting. StarLAN was the first step in the evolution of Ethernet from a
coaxial cable bus to a hub-managed, twisted-pair network. The advent of
twisted-pair wiring enabled Ethernet to become a commercial success.
Above the physical layer, Ethernet stations communicate by sending each other
data packets, small blocks of data that are individually sent and delivered. As
with other IEEE 802 LANs, each Ethernet station is given a single 48-bit MAC
address, which is used both to specify the destination and the source of each
data packet. Network interface cards (NICs) or chips normally do not accept
packets addressed to other Ethernet stations. Adapters generally come programmed
with a globally unique address, but this can be overridden, either to avoid an
address change when an adapter is replaced, or to use locally administered
addresses.
Despite the very significant changes in Ethernet from a thick coaxial cable bus
running at 10 Mbit/s to point-to-point links running at 1 Gbit/s and beyond, all
generations of Ethernet (excluding very early experimental versions) share the
same frame formats (and hence the same interface for higher layers), and can be
readily (and in most cases, cheaply) interconnected.
Due to the ubiquity of Ethernet, the ever-decreasing cost of the hardware needed
to support it, and the reduced panel space needed by twisted pair Ethernet, most
manufacturers now build the functionality of an Ethernet card directly into PC
motherboards, obviating the need for installation of a separate network card.
Attributes and Credits
The information and facts supplied on this subject
derive from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page